{"id":23,"date":"2016-08-24T11:26:27","date_gmt":"2016-08-24T11:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/?page_id=23"},"modified":"2023-11-13T18:34:22","modified_gmt":"2023-11-13T18:34:22","slug":"akan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/akan\/","title":{"rendered":"The Akan People Ghana"},"content":{"rendered":"\nA K A N &nbsp; &nbsp;A N D &nbsp; &nbsp;A S H A N T E<br>\nI N &nbsp; G H A N A &nbsp; A N D &nbsp; T H E &nbsp; &nbsp;I V O R Y &nbsp;C O A S T&nbsp;\n\tGHANAIAN QUEEN MOTHER ASANTEHEMAA AFIA KOBI DIES AT 109<br>\n&nbsp;Article from FACE AFRICA\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2017\/12\/3o3bpd4u68ulh9go2.b86f527c.jpg\" alt=\"3o3bpd4u68ulh9go2.b86f527c\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"544\" width=\"800\">\n\t<p>The Asantehemaa, Nana Afia Kobi Serwaa Ampem II sitting in state at an Adaekesie festival in right photograph.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>The Queen Mother of the Ashanti Kingdom&nbsp;Asantehemaa Afia Kobi&nbsp;in Ghana is dead. The 109-year-old Mother of the current Asantehene, Otumfuo OSEI Tutu II, died in her sleep on Tuesday, reports&nbsp;Buzz Ghana.<\/em><em>The late-Afia Kobi served as the 13th Queen Mother of the Ashanti Kingdom for 39 years, witnessing the reign of the late-Asantehene Otumfuo Opoku Ware II who served between 1970 and 1999.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2017\/11\/hjd0518r-1.jpg\" alt=\"hjd0518r\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"535\" width=\"800\">\n\t<p>In the Ashanti Kingdom, which is part of the Akan people in southern Ghana and the Ivory Coast, Queen Mothers also are known as &#8220;Asantehemaa,&#8221; which is a very powerful title and as such she still today plays an important role in local governments.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FEMALE LEADERSHIP AMONG THE ASANTES<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cP5IMkGxRdE\">by prof. Wilhelmina Donkoh<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The Asante constitute one of the principal groups of the matrilineal Akan-speaking people of the modern state of Ghana. An identifying characteristic of the Akan is descent through the female line. Traditionally, such important social and economic institutions as ownership property and inheritance are based on blood affiliation to the matrilineage. Females among the Akan thus are expected to play a unique role in ensuring the perpetuation of the lineage and in identifying who qualifies to be a member. At the same time, as could be found in other traditional societies, social, economic and political responsibilities usually tend to be gender-bound.<\/p>\n<p>This lecture confirms that female leaders among the Asante indeed play a central role within the Asante socio-political system. An examination of specific cases in the history of Asante reveals that where female leaders transcended the gender boundaries, as diplomats or political heads, their actions tended to foster greater social cohesion. Also, through literature review and theoretical analysis the lecture establishes that despite stereotypical views that women only play mundane roles and are mere reproductive units, where women leaders have exerted themselves they have brought distinction and honour upon themselves as well as on their entire lineage and the wider community that they belonged to.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s the tradition of the kingdom for Asante Queen Mothers to rule alongside kings in their respective palaces, and they are usually considered the spiritual heads of their communities. Prior to the colonial era, Queen Mothers were considered important political figures of power who commanded respect and autonomous rulers. And today, these Mothers still have jurisdiction over women, including rape, marital conflict, and adultery.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, the Ashanti Kingdom has more than 40 women leaders operating under the Ashanti Queen Mothers Association, which was formed in 1988. Since 2010, the Ghanaian National House of Chiefs has included 20 Queen Mothers in its proceedings.<\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cP5IMkGxRdE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p>AKAN QUEENDOM<\/p>\n<p>An Akan realm could not be established without a queen mother or &#8220;Ohemma&#8221; and for that no king: &#8220;Ohene&#8221; was needed. In fact every Akan realm has historically been founded by a queen mother, who only later chooses one of her sons to be placed on the throne as king and co-regent. Burt in timed of crisis &#8211; for example, if the king were still a minor or was absent, or if the collapse of a realm forced an immediate exodus &#8211; the queen mother ruled alone She was then both Ohemmaa; female king, and Ohene, male king.<\/p>\n<p>As in all matriarchies it\u00b4s the eldest woman of the clan who is considered to be the source of the clanlife and its center. And beyond being the mother of the matrilineal clan she is also the mediator between the clan deity and living members of the clan. The primordial ancestress of the clan is deified and venerated as mother goddess of the clan, and the actual clan mother is her later incarnation, and as such she is the authority of the religious life ceremonies and rituals and therefore considered to be sacred herself.<\/p>\n<p>For the eldest woman of the royal clan, the queen mother its the same; she is considered to be the source of the royal lineage, and the mother of the ruling or future king; but of more importance is the fact that she is considered to be the <strong>mother of the whole society,&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong>which she herself, or her royal ancestors, has established by wisely joining various clans and people together. Thus considered to have &#8220;born&#8221; the realm on her own, it belongs to her like a child belongs to its mother. As the most recent incarnation of the primordial deified ancestress she is considered to be mother of it all. Under her protection all of those who have got her sanctuary are untouchable and even today she has the right to grant pardons.<\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2c1WV-Z2IWA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" gesture=\"media\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p><strong>Yaa&nbsp;Assantewaa was a very strong Asante warrior queen who led the resistance forces of Ghana against the English<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Den mest k\u00e4nda krigardrottningen &nbsp;i Afrikas historia \u00e4r drottningmodern <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?time_continue=6&amp;v=1C-aDqgVqzY\">Yaa Assantewaa<\/a> i Ashante, som uppmanade sitt folk att bjuda motst\u00e5nd mot britterna n\u00e4r de kr\u00e4vde att f\u00e5 symbolen f\u00f6r den ghanesiska kungamakten utl\u00e4mnad n\u00e4mligen guldtronen. N\u00e4r britterna till slut lyckades besegra hennes segslitna motst\u00e5nd landsf\u00f6rvisade de henne till \u00f6gruppen Seychellerna.<\/p>\n<p><em>Letter by Basel missionera 30th July 1900:<\/em><\/p>\n<p>An old man called Ya Assantewaa lives in Ejisu. The mother or aunt of the chief there, a man who was sent into exile with Prempeh. Since then she has rules the town. She has much influence in the whole of Ashante and is the soul and head of the ewhole rebellion. She is in fact sitting quetly in Ejisu but sends order out from there to the different camps around Kumasi. Her main representative in the army is Kwasi Boadu chief of Besease near Ejisu.<\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1C-aDqgVqzY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" gesture=\"media\" allow=\"encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\tDEN MATRIARKALA KULTUREN I DET HISTORISKA GHANA &nbsp; &#8211;<br>\n ETT TACKSAMT FORSKNINGSOBJEKT F\u00d6R&nbsp;J\u00c4MF\u00d6RANDE STUDIER\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Lika litet i det &#8220;Gamla Europa&#8221; som av Marija Gimbutas framst\u00e4llts som fredligt och egalit\u00e4rt, har man heller i den gamla antika Harappa-kulturen i Hindusfalen, trots dess avancerade byggnadskonst och teknologi kunnat finna minsta sp\u00e5r av krig, v\u00e5ld, vapen eller hierarkiskt klassf\u00f6rtryck &#8211; inga som helst byggnader som vittnar om n\u00e5gon h\u00f6gre styrande \u00f6verklass av kungar etc.<\/p>\n<p>Men \u00e4nd\u00e5 h\u00e4vdar de flesta inom den etablerade arkeologin och antropologin att det aldrig existerat kulturer som varit f\u00f6rskonade fr\u00e5n konflikter och v\u00e4pnade strider av st\u00f6rre eller mindre omfattning och eller en styrande elit och stratifierad klassindelning.<\/p>\n<p>I det avseendet \u00e4r det dock s\u00e5 gynnsamt att det finns en hel del historiska fakta till st\u00f6d f\u00f6r tolkningen av en f\u00f6rhistorisk kulturellt och teknologiskt avancerad era av matriarkalt fredlig och egalit\u00e4r karakt\u00e4r, tillg\u00e4ngliga genom den historiska dokumentationen av det matriarkala och drottningledda Akanfolkets h\u00f6gkultur som under flera \u00e5rtusende kom att blomstra i V\u00e4stafrika from c:a 800 e. Kr. och fram\u00e5t i Ghana s\u00e5v\u00e4l som i dess nutida traditionellt bevarade former. F\u00f6r h\u00e4r ser vi ytterligare prov p\u00e5 samma matriarkala grundm\u00f6nster och djupstruktur som i de \u00f6vriga matriarkala kulturer som kartlagts p\u00e5 senare tid i den moderna matriarkatsforskning, som f\u00f6rl\u00e4nats ett<a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/paradigm\"> teoretiskt ramverk<\/a> och v\u00e4l utarbetade definitioner av begreppet <a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchy\">&#8220;matriarkat&#8221;<\/a> &nbsp;i Heide <a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/scholars\/abendroth\">G\u00f6ttner Abendroth<\/a> och <a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/scholars\/sanday\">Peggy Reeves Sanday\u00b4s<\/a> tappning.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2017\/11\/Sk\u00e4rmavbild-2017-11-15-kl.-19.29.11.png\" alt=\"Sk\u00e4rmavbild 2017-11-15 kl. 19.29.11\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"540\" width=\"800\">\n\t<p>Fram tills mitten p\u00e5 1400-talet d\u00e5 de inhemska Akan-kungarna b\u00f6rjade ta intryck av de alltmer framryckande arabiska muslimernas maktut\u00f6vning och misogynie i det angr\u00e4nsande Mali och Songhai-imperiet, leddes Akan folket med mild hand av ett drottningstyre som i kontrast till de g\u00e4ngse patriarkala TOP-DOWN styret hade kommit att utvecklats ur en anarkistisk sj\u00e4lvgenererande sj\u00e4lvreglerande och sj\u00e4lvimiterande form av ancestor- and goddess-worshipping \/matriarchy \/ queen realms, som i sin tur verkar ha haft m\u00e5nga gemensamma drag med de samlare o j\u00e4gar-kulturer i Centralafrikas regnskogar som Jerome Lewis och andra beforskat p\u00e5 senare tid. Detta utvecklingssp\u00e5r borde i varje fall vara v\u00e4rt att unders\u00f6kas seri\u00f6st.<\/p>\n<p>Heide G\u00f6ttner Abendroth h\u00e4vdar i sin att matriarkaten tog sin b\u00f6rja under neolitikum, men efter att ha bekantat sig med Jerome Lewis redog\u00f6relser av djupstrukturen i Mbendjeles j\u00e4gar o samlare-samh\u00e4lle i regnskogen ser det snarare ut att ha initierats l\u00e5gt tidigare men m\u00f6jligtvis f\u00f6rskjutits mot en st\u00f6rre maktkoncentration till matriarken eller matriarkerna som h\u00f6gsta auktoritet i samh\u00e4llet \u00e4n tidigare<\/p>\n<p>I vilket fall som helst r\u00e5der det ingen tvekan om att stora delar av den etablerade arkeologin inte alls h\u00e5ller sig till en strikt vetenskapligt objektiv agenda i detta avseende utan en h\u00f6gst ideologiskt baserad s\u00e5dan. Det g\u00e4ller att till varje pris sl\u00e5 vakt om det legitima ber\u00e4ttigandet av de patriarkala samh\u00e4llen som byggts med v\u00e5ld av en elitistiskt patriarkal och misogyn \u00f6verklass. Allt annat m\u00e5ste misst\u00e4nkligg\u00f6ras som &#8220;primitivt&#8221; och outvecklat.<\/p>\n<p>Eftersom de f\u00f6rsta Akan-drottningd\u00f6mena kom att ta sin b\u00f6rjan n\u00e5gra \u00e5rtusenden senare \u00e4n Harappa kulturen och dess ursprungliga kultur i en hel del avseenden bevarats \u00e4nda in i modern tid, inte minst genom en livaktig oral tradition som fortfarande b\u00e4r vittne om tidiga h\u00e4ndelser och traditioner &#8211; ocks\u00e5 i fr\u00e5ga om drottningl\u00e4ngderna s\u00e5 tidigt som fr\u00e5n denna f\u00f6rsta antika tid i dess historia, finns h\u00e4r allts\u00e5 gott om dokument av skiftande slag som kan ligga till grund f\u00f6r de vetenskapliga kartl\u00e4ggningarna av en sammanh\u00e4ngande f\u00f6rhistoriskt matriarkal era. Inte minst i f\u00f6rh\u00e5llande till det faktum att deras matrilinj\u00e4rt grundade drottningd\u00f6men uppb\u00e4rs p\u00e5 m\u00e5nga platser i Ghana s\u00e5v\u00e4l som annorst\u00e4des i Afrika \u00e4n idag &#8211; fast d\u00e5 p\u00e5 lokal niv\u00e5 underst\u00e4llda den offentliga statsmakten, och dessutom mer eller mindre dominerade av de kungar som dessf\u00f6rinnan varit underst\u00e4llda &nbsp;drottningarnas makt.<\/p>\n<p>Jag \u00e4mnar d\u00e4rf\u00f6r g\u00e5 in litet mer p\u00e5 djupet i Akan och Ashante\u00b4s &nbsp;s\u00e5 sp\u00e4nnande och intressanta historia och religion p\u00e5 f\u00f6ljande sidor:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/akan-queen\">1.THE AKAN QUEEN MOTHER\u00b4S MATRIARCHAL SYSTEM<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2.<a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/akan-kings\">MATRIARCHAL AKAN KINGS<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3.<a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/patriarchal\">THE DEVELOPMENT OF PATRIARCHAL TENDENCIES IN AKAN REALMS<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\t<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/west-africa\/\">T H E &nbsp; M A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp; H I S T O R Y &nbsp; O F &nbsp; W E S T &nbsp; A F R I &nbsp;C A&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/queenrealms\/\">T H E &nbsp; A N A R C H I C A L &nbsp; O R G A N I S A T I O N<br>\nO F &nbsp;M A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp; Q U E E N &nbsp; R E A L M S&nbsp;&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/akan\/\">A K A N &nbsp; &nbsp;A N D &nbsp; &nbsp;A S H A N T E<br>\nI N &nbsp; G H A N A &nbsp; A N D &nbsp; T H E &nbsp; &nbsp;I V O R Y &nbsp;C O A S T&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/akan-queen\/\">T H E &nbsp; A&nbsp;K A N &nbsp; Q U E E N &nbsp; M O T H E R \u00b4 S &nbsp; M A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp; S Y S T E M S\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/akan-kings\/\">M A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp; A K A N &nbsp; K I N G S&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/patriarchal\/\">E M E R G I N G &nbsp; P A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp;T E N D E N C I E S &nbsp; I N &nbsp; A K A N &nbsp; R E A L M S&nbsp;\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>B A C K &nbsp; T O &nbsp; H O M E P A G E:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mmstudies.com\/\">M O D E R N &nbsp; M A T R I A R C H A L &nbsp; S T U D I E S&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A K A N &nbsp; &nbsp;A N D &nbsp; &nbsp;A S H A N T E I N &nbsp; G H A N A &nbsp; A N D &nbsp; T H E &nbsp; &nbsp;I V O R Y &nbsp;C O A S T&nbsp; GHANAIAN QUEEN MOTHER ASANTEHEMAA AFIA KOBI DIES AT 109 &nbsp;Article from FACE&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width-page.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-23","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5936,"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23\/revisions\/5936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mmstudies.com\/matriarchies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}